This major unified ruling guarantees a huge impact across the entire nation. The decision fundamentally changes the law.
Supreme Court Issues Decision In Religious Freedom Case
The U.S. Supreme Court has unanimously decided in favor of a postal worker from Pennsylvania in a significant religious liberty case involving the appropriateness of employers’ accommodation of religious preferences in the workplace.
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Christian mailman Gerald Groff of Pennsylvania requested the court rule on whether the U.S. Postal Service may make him deliver parcels from Amazon on Sundays, which he observes as the Sabbath. His lawyer, Aaron Streett, argued in April that the court needed to review a decision from 50 years ago that set a standard for figuring out when companies have to make allowances for their workers’ religious practices.
In a 9-0 decision, the Supreme Court rejected a ruling from 1977 that mandated that businesses must “reasonably accommodate” an employee’s religious practices as long as doing so does not put an “undue hardship” on the company.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 requires employers to accommodate employees’ religious practices unless doing so would be an “undue hardship” for the business. A 1977 Supreme Court case, Trans World Airlines v. Hardison, said employers could deny religious accommodations to employees when they impose “more than a de minimis cost” on the business.
Streett said the court should get rid of the “de minimus” test because lower courts have used it wrongly to deny religious accommodations. Instead, he said, the court should use the plain language of Title VII, which would define “undue burden” the same way it is in other federal laws, like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
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Back in April, postal worker unions asked the U.S. Supreme Court to consider the potential adversity that religious accommodations for some employees may have on their co-workers.
“A day off is not the special privilege of the religious. Days off, especially on the weekend, are when parents can spend the day with children who are otherwise in school, when people can spend time on the other necessities of life, and when the community enjoys a common day of rest for churchgoers and the nonreligious alike,” the American Postal Workers Union noted in a brief to the court.
Title VII mandates that employers accommodate a worker’s religious observance or practices unless it results in “undue hardship” for the business. In the 1977 case, Trans World Airlines v. Hardison, the Supreme Court defined undue hardship as anything that imposes more than a minor or “de minimis” cost on the employer.
Groff’s legal team requested that the Supreme Court overturn the Hardison precedent and mandate that companies demonstrate a “significant difficulty or expense” before refusing to grant an accommodation.
Several groups representing religions in the United States that are in the minority, including Islam, Judaism, and Hinduism, have informed the Supreme Court that the Hardison standard has unfairly impacted them and must be revised, Reuters noted in a prior story and report.
“By allowing employers to refuse to accommodate employees’ beliefs for almost any reason, Hardison forces devout employees to make an impossible daily choice between religious duty and livelihood,” said the Muslim Public Affairs Council in a brief.
James Phillips, a law professor at Chapman University in California, told Reuters that a “strong majority” or even all nine justices could side with Groff.
“This may be one of those religious liberty cases where the right and the left are actually aligned,” Phillips opined.
Groff was employed as a “rural carrier associate” in Quarryville and Holtwood, in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. As part of his job, he was required to substitute for absent career carriers, including on weekends.
In 2013, the Postal Service contracted with Amazon.com to deliver packages, which included Sunday deliveries, in an effort to remain profitable.
I FOUND A TODDLER BESIDE HER UNCONSCIOUS MOTHER - THEN I READ THE NOTE IN HER HAND

The rain on Highway 9 took the heat out of Marcus’s engine block before the metal could even cool down on its own.
It was two in the morning, the kind of wet, black night where the asphalt turns into a mirror reflecting nothing back except the yellow line split down the center. Marcus kept his hands firm on the handlebars of his ’98 Harley Electra Glide. The rumble between his knees was the only sound for ten miles in any direction, deep and steady, like a heavy iron pulse. His leather jacket was soaked through at the shoulders, heavy with rain that smelled of wet pine needles, exhaust, and cold dirt.
He wasn't riding toward anything. That was the point. When a man spends five years behind state walls and comes out to find the house he grew up in sold off for back taxes, he stops paying attention to street signs. He just rides until the gas light comes on, fills the tank with crumpled twenties earned from wrenching on diesel rigs, and rides until the road runs out of dry land.
Then the headlight beam caught the glint.
It wasn’t a deer’s eye or a reflector on a mail pole. It was a sharp, jagged flash of red plastic—a broken tail-light lens sitting in the middle of the northbound lane.
Marcus let off the throttle, the engine braking down to a low, rhythmic thrum. He swung the heavy bike toward the shoulder, his high beam cutting through the rain. Fifty yards down the embankment, where the steel guardrail ended near a concrete culvert, a silver sedan sat wedged sideways into the ditch. The front end was crumpled up like a crushed beer can, the hood buckled into a sharp V against a willow tree. Steam hissed off the radiator, mixing with the fog rising off the mud.
“Damn it,” Marcus muttered into his collar.
He pulled the Harley onto the gravel shoulder, clicked the kickstand down, and killed the ignition. Silence swallowed the road instantly, heavy and suffocating, broken only by the drip of rainwater off his helmet visor and the rhythmic tick-tick-tick of his cooling exhaust pipes.
He grabbed a heavy flashlight from his saddlebag, clicked it on, and slid down the muddy slope, his boots sinking two inches into the muck.
The driver’s side window was shattered into a spiderweb of safety glass, half caved inward. Marcus shone the beam inside.
A young woman sat slumped over the steering wheel. Her dark hair was wet, plastered across her forehead and cheek. A thin stream of blood had dried along her jawline, running down from a nasty gash near her temple. Her chest was rising and falling, but the breaths were shallow, rattling softly in her throat.
“Hey,” Marcus called out, pounding his fist against the rear door frame. “Hey! Can you hear me?”
She didn't move. Her fingers were still locked around the rim of the steering wheel, her knuckles white and stiff. Marcus reached through the broken glass, feeling for the pulse at her neck. It was there—racing, weak, but steady.
Then he heard the sound.
It wasn't a cry or a scream. It was a tiny, wet hitch of breath coming from the tall grass six feet behind the rear bumper.
Marcus spun the flashlight around, the white beam cutting across the weeds.
Sitting in the mud, half-shielded by the rear wheel well, was a child.
She couldn't have been more than two years old. She wore a bright pink quilted jacket covered in mud splatters, little yellow rubber boots, and had tufts of fine blond hair sticking up in the rain. She wasn't crying. Her eyes were impossibly wide, dark brown, and completely fixed on the flashlight beam. She sat perfectly still in the freezing mud, shivering so hard her teeth clicked together like small stones.
“Jesus,” Marcus breathed.
He dropped to his knees in the mud, bringing himself down to her level. He killed the bright center beam of the flashlight, aiming it at the ground so he wouldn't blind her.
“Hey there, little bit,” Marcus said. His voice was low, gravelly, unused to talking softly. It sounded like two river rocks grinding together. “You okay?”
The little girl didn't shrink back. She didn't move at all. She just stared at him through the rain, her small chest heaving inside the pink coat.
In her right hand, pressed tight against her stomach, she was clutching a piece of paper. It was torn from a yellow legal pad, folded into a tight, damp square, her tiny mud-stained fingers locked around it like a vise.
Marcus reached out slowly, keeping his big, calloused hands where she could see them. He smelled of tobacco, wet leather, and old motor oil, but the girl didn't pull away.
“Let me see that, kiddo,” Marcus said softly.
He gently touched her fingers. They were ice cold. He pried them back carefully, taking the wet yellow paper from her grip. She let it go without a sound, her eyes never leaving his face.
Marcus unpinned his leather jacket, pulled the girl out of the mud, and tucked her straight inside against his wool-lined vest. She was so light she felt like a bundle of wet clothes. The moment her face hit the warmth of his chest, she buried her nose into his flannel shirt and stayed dead silent.
Holding her tight with his left arm, Marcus unfolded the wet paper with his thumb and forefinger. The ink was smeared by raindrops, written in a frantic, slanted hand that dug deep into the paper.
The first line made his heart hit his ribs like a hammer.
To whoever finds my daughter.
Marcus squinted through the drizzle, holding the paper under the beam of his light.
Her name is Lily. She is two years old. My name is Clara Mitchell. If you are reading this, I am either dead or they have found us. I have no family left. No mother, no father, no one to call. There is no one to protect her. Please do not give her to the state. Please do not let Thomas find her. I am begging you, stranger, whoever you are—keep her safe. Take the bag in the trunk. Take everything inside it. Just keep my baby safe.
Marcus read the lines twice. The ink bled into the yellow paper as the rain fell over his wrist.
He looked down at his chest. Lily’s small head was tucked under his chin now, her body trembling against his heartbeat.
From up on the highway, the distant whine of an engine cut through the night.
Marcus froze. He didn't turn his flashlight toward the road. He stayed down in the dark of the ditch, listening.
A heavy black pickup truck crested the hill, moving slowly. It didn't have its high beams on. It drifted along the shoulder, its engine idling low and greasy. As it passed the spot where Marcus’s Harley was parked, the truck slowed almost to a crawl. A spotlight mounted near the driver’s side mirror swept over the gravel, flicked down into the ditch for a second, and then moved on.
The truck didn't stop. It accelerated into the dark, its red tail-lights disappearing around the bend toward the state line.
Marcus looked back at the smashed silver sedan, then down at the yellow paper in his fist, and finally at the little girl trembling inside his coat.
The quiet on the highway felt different now. It didn't feel empty anymore. It felt like a trap.